Everything about Antony Hewish totally explained
Antony Hewish (born
Fowey,
Cornwall,
May 11,
1924) is a
British radio astronomer who won the
Nobel Prize for Physics in
1974 (together with fellow radio-astronomer
Martin Ryle) for his work on the development of radio
aperture synthesis and its role in the discovery of
pulsars. He was also awarded the
Eddington Medal of the
Royal Astronomical Society in 1969.
His undergraduate degree at
Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge was interrupted by war service at the
Royal Aircraft Establishment, and at the
Telecommunications Research Establishment where he worked with
Martin Ryle. Returning to
Cambridge in 1946, Hewish completed his degree and immediately joined
Ryle's research team at the
Cavendish Laboratory, obtaining his Ph.D. in 1952. Hewish made both practical and theoretical advances in the observation and exploitation of the apparent
scintillations of radio sources due to their radiation impinging upon
plasma.
This led him to propose, and secure funding for, the construction of the
Interplanetary Scintillation Array, a large array radio telescope at the
Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory (MRAO),
Cambridge in order to conduct a high time-resolution radio survey of
interstellar scintillation. In the course of this project, one of his graduate students,
Jocelyn Bell, first noticed the radio source which was ultimately recognised as the first
pulsar.
The paper announcing the discovery had five authors, Hewish's name being listed first, Bell's second. The Nobel award to Ryle and Hewish without the inclusion of Bell as a co-recipient was controversial, and was roundly condemned by Hewish's fellow astronomer
Fred Hoyle. Others however have noted that the prize was given to Ryle and Hewish for their work across the field of radio-astronomy as a whole, with particular mention of Ryle's work on aperture-synthesis, and Hewish's on
pulsars.
Hewish was professor of radio astronomy at the
Cavendish Laboratory from
1971 to
1989, and head of the
MRAO from 1982 to 1988. He was made a Fellow of the
Royal Society in 1968, and he and
Martin Ryle were awarded the
Nobel Prize in Physics in 1974.
Hewish is a fellow of
Churchill College, Cambridge.
Bibliography
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